ἀνήρ

ἀνήρ, ὁ, ἀνδρός, ἀνδρί, ἄνδρα, voc. ἄνερ: pl. ἄνδρες, -δρῶν, -δράσι [pron. full] [ᾰ], -dras: [dialect] Aeol. dat. pl.

A

ἄνδρεσι Alc.Supp.14.8

: late nom. sg.

ἄνδρας Cat.Cod.Astr.7.109.7

: in [dialect] Att. the Art. often forms a crasis with the Noun, ἁνήρ for ὁ ἀνήρ, τἀνδρός, τἀνδρί for τοῦ ἀνδρός, etc., ἅνδρες for οἱ ἄνδρες; the [dialect] Ion. crasis is ὡνήρ, ὧνδρες, Hdt.4.161,134: [dialect] Ep. also ἀνέρα, ἀνέρος, ἀνέρι, dual ἀνέρε, pl. ἀνέρες, ἀνέρας, ἄνδρεσσι. [[dialect] Ep. Poets mostly use [pron. full] ᾱ in arsi, [pron. full] ᾰ in thesi; but in trisyll. forms with stem ἀνέρ- always ᾱ; so also Trag. in lyr., S.Tr.1011, OT869. But in Trag. senarians [pron. full] ᾰ always.] (ἀ- in nom. by analogy; cf. Skt. nar- from I.-E. ner-, nṛ- from nṛ-, Gk. ἀνδρ- from ṇr-):—man, opp. woman (ἄνθρωπος being man as opp. to beast), Il.17.435, Od.21.323; τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἄπαις without male children, Pl.Lg.877e; in Hom. mostly of princes, leaders, etc., but also of free men; ἀ δήμου one of the people, Il.2.198, cf. Od.17.352; with a qualifying word to indicate rank,

ἀ. βουληφόρος Il.2.61

;

ἀ. βασιλεύς Od.24.253

;

ἡγήτορες ἄ. Il.11.687

.

II man, opp. god, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε ib.1.544, al.; Διὸς ἄγγελοι ἠδὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν ib.334, cf. 403, Hdt.5.63, etc.: most common in pl., yet sts. in sg., e.g. Il.18.432:—freq. with a Noun added, βροτοί, θνητοὶ ἄ., Od.5.197,10.306;

ἄ. ἡμίθεοι Il.12.23

; ἄ. ἥρωες ib.5.746:—also of men, opp. monsters, Od.21.303:—of men in societies and cities,

οὔτε παρ' ἀνδράσιν οὔτ' ἐν ναυσὶ κοίλαις Pi.O. 6.10

; and so prob.,

ἄλλοτε μέν τ' ἐπὶ Κύνθου ἐβήσαο . ., ἄλλοτε δ' ἂν νήσους τε καὶ ἀνέρας . . h.Ap.142

.

III man, opp. youth, unless the context determines the meaning, as in

οὔ πως ἔστι νεωτέρῳ ἀνδρὶ μάχεσθαι ἄνδρα γέροντα Od.18.53

; but ἀ. alone always means a man in the prime of life, esp. warrior,

ἀ. ἕλεν ἄνδρα Il.15.328

; so

ἀ. ἀντ' ἀνδρὸς ἐλύθησαν Th.2.103

; the several ages are given as

παῖς, μειράκιον, ἀ., πρεσβύτης X.Smp.4.17

; εἰς ἄνδρας ἐγγράφεσθαι, συντελεῖν, D.19.230, Isoc.12.212;

εἰς ἄνδρας ἀναβῆναι BMus.Inscr.898

; in Inscrr. relating to contests, opp. παῖδες, IG22.1138.10, etc.

IV man emphatically, man indeed,

ἀνέρες ἄστε, φίλοι Il.5.529

; freq. in Hdt.,

πολλοὶ μὲν ἄνθρωποι, ὀλίγοι δὲ ἄνδρες 7.210

;

πρόσθεν οὐκ ἀ. ὅδ' ἦν; S.Aj.77

;

ἄνδρα γίγνεσθαί σε χρή E.El.693

;

ἀ. γεγένησαι δι' ἐμέ Ar.Eq.1255

;

ὃ μαθὼν ἀ. ἔσει Id.Nu.823

;

ἄνδρας ἡγοῦνται μόνους τοὺς πλεῖστα δυναμένους καταφαγεῖν Id.Ach.77

;

εἰ ἄνδρες εἶεν οἱ στρατηγοί Th.4.27

;

οὐκέτι ἀ. ἀλλὰ σκευοφόρος X.Cyr.4.2.25

;

τὸν Αυκομήδην . . μόνον ἄνδρα ἡγοῦντο Id.HG7.1.24

; οὐκ ἐν ἀνδράσι not like a man, E.Alc.723, cf. 732; ἀνδρὸς τὰ προσπίπτοντα γενναίως φέρειν 'tis the part of a man . ., Men.771, etc.

V husband, Il.19.291, Od.24.196, Hdt.1.146, etc.;

εἰς ἀνδρὸς ὥραν ἡκούσης τῆς κόρης Pl. Criti.113d

; so

ἐξοικιεῖν εἰς ἀνδρὸς [οἶκον] θυγατέρα Luc.Lex.11

:—also of a paramour, opp. πόσις, S.Tr.551, cf. E.Hipp.491, Theoc.15.131;

ἀ. ἁπασῶν τῶν γυναικῶν ἐστι νῦν Pherecr.155

;

αἰγῶν ἄνερ Theoc.8.49

.

VI Special usages:

1 joined with titles, professions, etc.,

ἰητρὸς ἀ. Il.11.514

; ἀ. μάντις, ἀ. στρατηγός, Hdt.6.83,92 (dub.);

ἀ. νομεύς S.OT1118

; ἄνδρες λοχῖται, λῃσταί, ἀσπιστῆρες, ib.751,842, Aj.565; esp. in disparagement,

κλῶπες ἄ. E.Rh.645

;

ἀ. δημότης S. Ant.690

; with names of nations, as

Φοίνικες ἄ. Hdt.4.42

;

ἀ. Θρῇξ E. Hec.19

,al.; esp. in addresses,

ἄ. ἔφοροι Hdt.9.9

;

ἄ. πολῖται S.OT 513

;

ἄ. δικασταί D.21.1

, etc.; ὦ ἄνδρες gentlemen of the jury, Antipho 1.1, Lys.1.1, etc.;

ὦ ἄ. Ἀθηναῖοι Id.6.8

, etc.: hence in Comedy,

ἄ. ἰχθύες Archipp.29

;

ἄ. θεοί Luc.JTr.15

;

ὦ ἄ. κύνες Ath.4.160b

.

2 ὁ ἀνήρ, by crasis [dialect] Att. ἁνήρ, [dialect] Ion. ὡνήρ, is freq. used emphatically for

αὐτός, ἐκεῖνος Ar.V.269

, prob. in Pl.Sph.216b, etc.: sts. so in oblique cases without the Art., S.Tr.55, 109, 293, etc.; but not in Prose.

3 ἀ. ὅδε, ὅδ' ἀ., in Trag., = ἐγώ, S.Aj.78, E.Alc.690, etc.

4 πᾶς ἀ. every man, every one, freq. in Pl.Lg.736c, al., cf. E.Or. 1523.

5 a man, any man,

εἶτ' ἄνδρα τῶν αὑτοῦ τι χρὴ προϊέναι; Ar.Nu.1214

;

οὐ πρέπει νοῦν ἔχοντι ἀνδρί Pl.Phd.114d

, etc.; οὐ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς . . ἐσθ' ὁ πλοῦς 'tis not every one that can go, Nicol.Com. 1.26.

6

ὦ δαιμόνι' ἀνδρῶν Eup.316

; and often with a [comp] Sup.,

ὦ φίλτατ' ἀνδρῶν Phryn.Com.80

, etc.

7

κατ' ἄνδρα

viritim,

Isoc. 12.180

, POxy.1047 iii 11, BGU145.5, etc.; so τοὺς κατ' ἄνδρα individuals, opp. κοινῇ τὴν πόλιν, D.Chr.32.6.

8 In LXX, ἀνήρ = ἕκαστος, δότε μοι ἀνὴρ ἐνώτιον Jd.8.24; ἀ. τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ προσκολληθήσεται 'each to his fellow', of leviathan's scales, Jb.41.8; also

ἀ. εἷς 4 Ki.6.2

; with negs., ἀ. μὴ ἐπισκεπήτω ib.10.19;

ἀνὴρ ἀνήρ

any one, Le.

15.2

.

9 ἄνδρας γράφειν· τὸ ἐν διδασκάλου τὰ παιδία ὀνόματα γράφειν, Hsch.

VII male animal, Arist.HA637b15.